- What is a protocol?
- How do protocols work?
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Protocol is the set of rules that govern the way
computers can communicate with each other. There are many
protocols available. Protocol.com lists
literally hundreds of protocols.

Protocols tend to work in layers to facilitate the
effective transmission of data over a network. The first
layer is the physical layer, this is made up of the
network cards and the drivers used to make those cards
available on the network.
The data link allows the data to be transmitted over
the network, breaking it into its bits. The network itself
is the layer that assigns the addresses and the methods
with which the data will be forwarded. A transfer session
needs to be established, requiring security and
authorization. The data is then translated into a
recognizable form for the receiver, being broken into
packets that can be transmitted via TCP/IP. Finally, the
data needs to be handled by the receiver.

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